Node.js is an open-source, cross-platform JavaScript runtime environment and library for running web applications outside the client’s browser. Ryan Dahl developed it in 2009, and its latest version, v13.8.0, was released on Jan. 30. Node.js is used for creating server-side web applications and is perfect for data-intensive applications since it uses an asynchronous, event-driven model.
Why Node.js?
Node.js has become the de facto tool for developing server-side and network applications. Here is why:
- Node.js is really fast: Having been built on Google Chrome’s V8 JavaScript engine, its library is extremely fast for code execution.
- Node Package Manager (NPM): Node Package Manager has more than 50,000 bundles, so whatever functionality is required for an application can be easily imported from NPM.
- Node.js uses asynchronous programming: All APIs of Node.js library are asynchronous (i.e., non-blocking), so a Node.js-based server does not wait for the API to return data. The server calls the API, and in the event that no data is returned, the server moves to the next API the Events’ module of Node.js helps the server get a response from the previous API call. This also helps with the speed of Node.js.
If you’re using Linux or another operating system, use one of the following installers:
- NodeSource installer (recommended)
- One of the installers on the Node.js
No buffering: Node.js dramatically reduces the processing time while uploading audio and video files. Node.js applications never buffer data and simply output the data in chunks.
Single-threaded: Node.js makes use of a single-threaded model with event looping. As a result, it can provide service to a much larger number of requests than traditional servers like Apache HTTP Server.
Highly scalable: Node.js server responds in a non-blocking way, making it highly scalable in contrast with traditional servers, which create limited threads to handle requests.
These reasons more than justify the popularity of the Node.js platform and why it is being adopted by a large number of organizations and businesses. Now, let’s familiarize ourselves with the different parts of Node.js.
If you’re using OS X or Windows, use one of the installers from the Node.js . Be sure to install the version labeled LTS. Other versions have not yet been tested with npm.
Why Use Node.js?
Node.js shines in real-time web applications employing push technology over Web Socket. After over 20 years of stateless-web based on the stateless request-response paradigm, we finally have web applications with real-time, two-way connections, where both the client and server can initiate communication, allowing them to exchange data more freely. This is in stark contrast to the typical web response paradigm, where the client always initiates communication.
One might argue that we’ve had this technology for years in the form of Flash and Java Applets. In reality, however, those were just sandboxed environments that used the web as a transport protocol to be delivered to the client. Plus, Flash and Java Applets were run in isolation and often operated over nonstandard ports, which may have required extra permissions.
How Does Node.js Work?
Node really shines in building fast, scalable network applications. This is due to its capability of handling a huge number of simultaneous connections with high throughput.
Node.js uses non-blocking, event-driven I/O to remain lightweight and efficient in the face of data-intensive real-time applications that run across distributed devices.
Node.js is a platform that fills a particular need, and understanding this is absolutely essential. For example, you wouldn’t use Node.js to perform CPU-intensive operations. Nearly all of Node’s advantages are annulled if it’s used for heavy computation.
Microsoft has pumped out 26 new short videos on YouTube offering beginners a path to learn about Node.js, the server-side JavaScript runtime environment for building apps and services that run and execute outside the browser.
In the new Node.js series, Microsoft promises to provide the tools for “learning Node.js from the absolute beginning with a strong focus on practice”. And it’s also good to be a “complete beginner to Node.js”, but students are expected to know the basics of JavaScript.
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